Monday, March 11, 2019

Lectionary Ruminations 2.5 for the 3rd Sunday in Lent (Year C)


Lectionary Ruminations 2.5 is a further revision and refinement of my Lectionary Ruminations and Lectionary Ruminations 2.0.  Focusing on The Revised Common Lectionary Readings for the upcoming Sunday from New Revised Standard Version (NRSV) of the Bible, Lectionary Ruminations 2.5 draws on over thirty years of pastoral experience.  Believing that the questions we ask are often more important than any answers we find, without over reliance on commentaries, I intend with sometimes pointed and sometimes snarky comments and Socratic like questions, to encourage reflection and rumination for readers preparing to lead a Bible study, draft liturgy, preach, or hear the Word. Reader comments are invited and encouraged.

ISAIAH 55:1-9
55:1 I love the “waters,” “wine and milk,” and “bread” imagery.  The imagery is tactile and sensual.  The imagery also lends itself to supporting the celebration of both sacraments.  What “waters” does the author have in mind, however? How will this preach in Flint, MI? How does one buy if one has no money?
55:2 Does this lead to an indictment of our consumer society? What truly satisfies you? Can money buy it? How do we listen to God?
55:3 Can listening lead to life? How familiar are you with contemplative prayer?
55:4 Seeing is something we can all practice more of when it comes to our relationship with God. How was David a witness?
55:5 How do we call that which we do not know? “The LORD your God, the Holy One of Israel” reminds me of “A Brief Statement of Faith-Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.).”
55:6 When might the LORD not be found?  Where can the LORD be found today? When, if ever, is the LORD not near?
55:7 This could be used as a Call to Confession.
55:8-9 This is one of my favorite Psalm passages. I think these verses undergird contemplative prayer and apophatic spirituality as well as the hubris of pretending to make definitive theological pronouncements.

PSALM 63:1-8
63:1 I love this imagery. Does your soul thirst for God? Have you ever nearly fainted from thirst for God? I am not sure we can truly appreciate this verse and this imagery outside the desert environment of the Sinai, Palestine, and the American southwest. This verse pairs well with Isaiah 55:1
63:2 What did the Psalmist see? I wonder what God looks like?
63:3 How is steadfast love better than life? Juxtapose this verse with Isaiah 55:3.
63:4 Evangelicals and Charismatics more often enact this than mainline Christians do.  When was the last time you and your congregation lifted their hands up to call on God’s name?  How about a little more embodied worship for the frozen chosen? How can we call on God’s name when some argue that God’s name should not be pronounced?
63: 5 I think the “rich feast” imagery becomes a little hypocritical and watered down when many will receive barely a crumb of bread and only a small sip of grape juice at the Lord’s Table.  Our liturgical actions often do not match our liturgical words.
63: 6 What is the meaning of “meditate?” How familiar are you with mindfulness meditation and/or contemplative/centering prayer?
63:7 What image and/or metaphor lies behind the “shadows of your wings?”  This verse reminds me of last week’s Gospel Reading.
63:8 Does your soul cling to God?

1 CORINTHIANS 10:1-13
10:1 What cloud and what sea? 
10:2 What is the meaning of “baptized into Moses?” How can one be baptized in a cloud?
10:3 What spiritual food did the people eat?
10:4 What spiritual drink did the people drink? What rock was Christ?
10:3-4 When I read these two verses, I hearken back to Isaiah 55:1-2 and Psalm 63:1, 5. I wonder if Paul intentionally meant to allude to the sacraments of Baptism and the Lord’s Supper.
10:5 How did God strike them down?
10:6 Is all salvation history but an example? Did the people Paul was referring to in 10:1-5 really desire evil?
10:7 Where is this written?
10:8 What event is being referred to?
10:9 Is this verse alluding to Massah and Meribah in Exodus 17:7, or to something else?
10:10 Who or what is the destroyer?
10:11 Is this the case with all Jewish Scripture or just the Exodus narrative? It appears from this verse that Paul thought he was living in the ends of the ages.
10:12 Is this why we usually do not stand for worship, so that we will not fall?
10:13 What is the meaning of “testing?”  How shall we read this considering the petition of the Lord’s Prayer “lead us not into temptation but deliver us from evil?”

LUKE 13:1-9
13:1 What does this verse refer to?
13:2,4 Does thinking like still exist today? What about when bad things happen to good people?
13:3 This sounds like a hell, fire, and damnation sermon.
13:4 Or more importantly, where they worse offenders than you?
13:5 Déjà vu (Luke 13:3). I think I would not use this as a refrain in a responsive reading.
13:6 What is a parable? What is a parabola?
13:7 Is three years long enough for a fig tree to bear fruit? Are there any in your church wasting the soil?
13:6-9 How does this parable address or respond to what came before?
13:8 Well, crap! Why am I thinking of the Mark Whatney character in The Martian?
13:8-9 If it sometimes seems that preachers are slinging bullcrap from the pulpit, maybe it is because they think the faith of those in the pews needs a little fertilizing.  It is not an original idea, but I resonate with it.
                                                                  
ADDENDUM
I am a Minister Member of Upper Ohio Valley Presbytery of the Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.) and am serving as the Interim Pastor of the Richmond United Presbyterian Church, Richmond, Ohio. Sunday Worship at Richmond begins at 11:00 AM. Some of my other blog posts have appeared on PRESBYTERIAN BLOGGERS and The Trek.

Monday, March 4, 2019

Lectionary Ruminations 2.5 for the 2nd Sunday in Lent (Year C)


Lectionary Ruminations 2.5 is a further revision and refinement of my Lectionary Ruminations and Lectionary Ruminations 2.0.  Focusing on The Revised Common Lectionary Readings for the upcoming Sunday from New Revised Standard Version (NRSV) of the Bible, Lectionary Ruminations 2.5 draws on over thirty years of pastoral experience.  Believing that the questions we ask are often more important than any answers we find, without over reliance on commentaries, I intend with sometimes pointed and sometimes snarky comments and Socratic like questions, to encourage reflection and rumination for readers preparing to lead a Bible study, draft liturgy, preach, or hear the Word. Reader comments are invited and encouraged.

GENESIS 15:1-12, 17-18
15:1 After what things?  Why is LORD in all uppercase letters in the NRSV and many other translations? Why are we reading about Abram rather than Abraham? Have you ever experienced such a vision?  How many people in the pews have ever experienced such a vision?  What is the difference between a vision and an actual historical event? Why did Abram need a shield? I hear this verse echoed in today’s Psalm at 1:1
15:2 Was an heir and someone to bequeath his reward the only thing Abram was hoping for? So we know anything more about Eliezer?
15:3 Is this slave Eliezer? Who bore him?
15:4 This time, when the word of the LORD came to Abram, there is no mention of a vision. Was this man not Abram’s biological issue? Was the problem biology or legality?
15:5 How many stars have been mapped and/or cataloged? People who have never been out of light polluted urban centers may not be able to conceptualize what Abram saw when he looked up into the night sky.
15:6 Where will we hear this again? What prompted Abram to believe the Lord? Why is righteousness mentioned?
15:7 What land is the LORD referring to? Did Abram not know the identity of the LORD until now?
15:8 What is the difference between knowing in this verse and believing in 15:6? Why “LORD” (all uppercase letters) when the narrator is writing, but as “Lord GOD” (uppercase “L” and lower case “ord,” all upper case “GOD”) when Abram is quoted?
15:9 Is there anything special about these animals and their ages?
15:10 Is this what means to “cut a covenant?” Why were the birds not cut in two?
15:11 Why did Abram drive the birds of prey away? I did not know that Romulans and/or Klingons were present around earth during the time of Abram.
15:12 What sometimes happens when we fall asleep? Is there a difference between a vision and a dream, especially a “big” or “numinous” dream? Have you ever felt anything like “a deep and terrifying darkness” descend upon you?
15:17 What do the fire pot and flaming torch represent? Is this a description of an historical event or a description of what Abram saw during his deep sleep?
15:18 Did Abram’s descendants ever inhabit all this land?
15:1-12, 17-18 I think what is being described here is an ancient archetypal (i.e. Carl Jung and Joseph Campbell) religious ceremony and that George Lucas, Steven Spielberg, Quentin Tarantino, and/or Ridley Scott would have a field translating it for the big screen.

PSALM 27
27:1 Do you hear an echo of Genesis 15:1?  This verse reminds me of a Taizé chant. Is the Psalmist asking rhetorical questions?
27:2 What evildoers devour human flesh? Or is “devour” a figure of speech?
27:3 Are these the words of an individual or a community?
27:4 What is and where is the house of the Lord?  Who among us today desires to “live in the house of the LORD all the days” of our life?  Most folk grow antsy and are ready to go home after just one hour or more of a worship service.
27:5 I can understand how being concealed under a tent is a shelter, but being set up high on a rock? Does the Psalmist “tent” refer to the Tabernacle?
27:6 Does this psalm mix imagery from before the Temple period with references to the Temple?
27:7 I think this makes a good introductory prayer petition. What if the psalmist cries in silence? Verses 1-6 speak of the LORD in the third person but with verse 7 the Psalmist shifts to diect address. Verse 10 and 13-14 also speak of the LORD in the third person while verses 11-12 return to the direct address. How might this pattern inform our understanding of corporate and personal prayer?
27:8 What is so special about the face of the LORD?
27:9 What does it mean when the LORD hides the divine face?
27:7-9 Verses 1-6 speak of the LORD in the third person but with verse 7 the Psalmist shifts to direct address.  Verse 10 and 13-14 also speak of the LORD in the third person while verses 11-12 return to direct address.  How does this pattern inform our understanding of corporate and personal prayer?
27:10 Who are my mother and father? Is faith thicker than family?
27:11 What is the LORD’s way? Sometimes a level path is even better than one leading downhill.
27:12 False witnesses are one thing, but violent adversaries are another. Sticks and stones can break my bones, but names and false accusations can never harm me.
27:13 Is this more a statement about the LORD or about the Psalmist?
27:14 What does it mean to wait for the LORD? Is waiting for the LORD preferable to waiting for Godot? Is waiting for the LORD anything like contemplative prayer?

PHILIPPIANS 3:17-4:1
3:17 Imitate whom, how?  What example was the author thinking of? Who are the “us?”
3:18 What does it mean to be an “enemy of the cross of Christ?” Who does Paul have in mind when he writes about these enemies of the cross? Is being an enemy of the cross something other than indifference to the cross?
3:19 Is this a condemnation of gluttony?
3:20 In the context of that era, what did it mean to be a citizen?  In this era of partisanship and a deadlocked congress, what does it mean that “our citizenship is in heaven?” Is the author still expecting a savior or the return of the savior?
3:21 How is the body our humiliation?  Is glory the antithesis of humiliation? What is the nature of this power?
4:1 What does it mean to “stand firm in the Lord” and how do we do it?  Might we ever confuse standing firm with stubbornness and intransigence?

LUKE 13:31-35
13:31 What hour?  Why would some Pharisees warn Jesus?  Why did Herod want to kill Jesus?
13:32 What did it mean to call someone a fox? What does Jesus mean when he refers to “the third day?” Is there some foreshadowing here?
13:33 Is the next day the same day as the third day? Where was Jesus when he spoke these words?
13:34 Is this still Jesus speaking?  Where did this hen and brood imagery come from?  Take a glance at Ruth 2:12 and Psalm 17:8, but especially at the Apocryphal book of e Esdras, where God is “animalized” as a mother hen.
13:35 What is the meaning of “you house is left to you?”  Where have he heard “Blessed is the one who comes in the name of the Lord” before?  See Psalm 118:26.
                                                                  
ADDENDUM
I am a Minister Member of Upper Ohio Valley Presbytery of the Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.) and am serving as the Interim Pastor of the Richmond United Presbyterian Church, Richmond, Ohio. Sunday Worship at Richmond begins at 11:00 AM. Some of my other blog posts have appeared on PRESBYTERIAN BLOGGERS and The Trek.

Saturday, March 2, 2019

Lucha Séipéal


If one carefully looks at the bottom left of the Chi Rho page in The Book of Kells (Folio 34r), they will see depicted there a pair of cats pinning down the tails of two mice that are nibbling on the Eucharistic host, while two other mice sit on the cats’ backs. That depiction inspired the following tale.
+ + +
As Mother and Father Lucha tucked their two little children, Reep and Cheep, into their nest for the night, the parents knew that this night was no ordinary night. It was different from all other nights they had known because of what they had seen earlier that day.  Considering what they had seen, rather than telling Reep and Cheep a make-believe bed-time story to quiet them and to help them sleep, the furry couple began telling their litter of two sons about their ancestry.
            Father Lucha said, “Our family was not always Lucha Séipéal, or church mice. Our ancient ancestors were wandering Lucha Achaida, or field mice, living in an emerald green land westward across the great waters. They occasionally scurried closer to humans in search of food and warmth. One day a couple of our ancestors found their way to a small wooden and thatched hut where they discovered a stash of food. There was so much food in that place that after a day of gorging themselves, they built a temporary nest and settled down for the night.”
            “What happened next?” asked Cheep.
            “Before they were hungry again, and before they could leave that place,” said mother Lucha, “their temporary shelter was turned over, topsy-turvy, and dragged down to the great water. A human named Colum Cille climbed into the upside-down shelter, which they later learned was called a coracle. Colum Cille raised a large piece of cloth, called a sail,  on a wooden pole. That sail caught the wind and pushed the coracle eastward. When the wind stopped blowing, Colum Cille used a long wooden stick called an oar, broad on one end, and by stirring the water with it, he propelled that small boat farther eastward.”
            “And then what happened?” asked Reep.
            “Well, awhile later,” continued Mother Lucha, “the two mice felt the vessel run aground. As soon as Colum Cille unloaded his supplies and was no longer around, the furry couple abandoned the nest they had constructed in the coracle and found a new home among this land’s grasses, heathers, and rocks. Gathering small pieces of straw and twigs, they built a lovely nest among some rocks where they began to raise a family that is our family many generations removed.”
            Father Lucha picked up the story where his wife left off. “Life on this small land surrounded by water was not always easy out in the field, as you can imagine. As you know, the wind can blow and it often rains. In our nest in this stone building, we are protected from the long, slithering beasts called snakes that, if mice are not careful when they are out and about, can capture and devour us.”
“When we are in our nest, we are also protected from the furry felines that sometimes knock us about and will even kill us,” added Mother Lucha. “But it was different when our ancestors still lived out in the field.”
Reep and Cheep listened attentively as their parents told them things they had never heard before.
Mother mouse added “The scaly beasts called snakes were a new experience for our ancestors who came here with Colum Cille. They had not experienced such a threat in their former home across the great waters. Many of their children and grandchildren born here were caught and killed by these slithering demons until our ancestors learned how to better avoid them. Despite this threat and all the other challenges of living on this small island, our ancestors persevered and raised a family that has survived and thrived for generations to this day.”
“They also passed on to their descendants the story we are now telling you,” said Father Lucha.
Father Lucha told Reep and Cheep even more. “At first, Colum Cille was alone, but after awhile other humans also sailed here in coracles. They began to build stone shelters, using mud and straw to fill in the gaps and cracks so the wind and rain could not get in. This mud and straw also provided our ancestors with great material to build nests. Our ancestors eventually learned that humans tended to drop food and leave food lying around, so it was much easier to find food and shelter among the humans than out in the field.”
Reep and Cheep listened even more intently as their mother told them, “Over time, Colum Cille and the other humans began to build bigger and more elaborate, multi-room stone buildings to live and work in. One of those buildings is the building in which we now have our warm, comfortable, safe nest.”
Father mouse interjected, “In one of the rooms of this building, the humans gather a couple times a day to eat and drink. As your mother said, the humans often drop crumbs on the ground and leave food behind. When the humans are not looking, or have gone away, we come from out of the dark corners of the walls or down from the rafters and grab the crumbs. We eat what our stomachs will hold and carry what we can back to our nest for you. Someday very soon you will have to closely watch the humans so that you too can gather the food they drop and leave behind.”
“So all the food you feed us comes from the humans?” Cheep asked.
“Yes,” replied mother Lucha. “The food our ancestors received from the monks was always good and nourishing. It kept us well fed, and sooner than later our ancestors abandoned the way of the field. Although our family no longer lived in the field, we kept the memory of that time alive by passing down stories about the field, including stories about the great slithering demons.”
Father Lucha continued “Another room the humans built is a room where they gather several times a day to read from what they call books.  They also chant songs from those books, eat small pieces of flat, round bread they call the Eucharistic host, and drink sweet, intoxicating liquid called wine from large chalices. One day, some of our ancestors made their way into this quiet place and observed one of those small, flat, round pieces of bread fall from the table to the floor.”
“And then what happened?” asked Reep.
“Well,” continued Reep’s father, “Once all the humans had left the room, our ancestors scurried to the wafer underneath the table and began to munch on it. The wafer of bread felt and tasted different from all other breads, or even all other foods they had ever eaten. They told the rest of the Lucha Séipéal in the building that it tasted heavenly. It not only filled their stomachs but their souls. It made them feel more alive, cleaner, and refreshed, they said.”
            “This bread wafer sounds too good to be true,” said Cheep and Reep at the same time.
“Listen to the rest of the story,” chimed the pair’s mother. She continued, “Eventually, more of our ancestors began to watch from the rafters and dark corners of this room, hoping and watching for another wafer of bread to fall from the table. Sometimes only crumbs would fall to the floor, but those crumbs were the best crumbs our family ever ate. On rare occasions, a whole wafer would fall to the ground, and when it did, it was like a miracle - a feast - that one wafer feeding and satisfying more of our ancestors than they might ever have expected.”
“We and our ancestors always used to think that the humans never saw us in this special room,” said Father mouse, “we reasoned they never knew we were eating their fallen sacred bread. But the other day, your mother and I learned otherwise.”
“That’s right,” Mother mouse said, “earlier today we went into another room the humans built in this building. In that room, they sit at desks copying their great books. Illuminated by sunlight by day and candlelight by night, the humans painstakingly make dark marks on dried and preserved skins of calves they call vellum. They dip specially cut goose feathers they call quills into bottles of dark, syrupy liquid called ink. Some of the ink is pulled up into the quill, but when the humans press the quill against the vellum, the ink slowly flows from the quill on to the surface of the vellum and leaves behind dark marks. The humans apparently know what these dark marks mean, but we mice do not.”
“Sometimes the humans dip their quills into thick liquids of bright and happy pigments, like orpiment, indigo, verdigris, and others,” said mother mouse. “They then use these colorful pigments to draw beautiful patterns and pictures upon the pages of their books, illuminating the writing and the pictures on the pages in a mystical way.”
“And Sometimes the humans draw and illuminate pictures of the animals that live on this land onto the pages of their books,” said Father Lucha.  “We have seen them draw geese, and even the dreaded slithering demons called snakes, entangled in knots, upon the pages of their books.”
“Snakes entangled in knots?” quired Reep.
“You heard me correctly, son” replied Reep’s father, “Slithering demons tying themselves up into beautiful knots!”
“Imagine our surprise,” interrupted the boy’s mother, “when earlier today, as we were in this room called the scriptorium, watching from up in the rafters as the humans were working on their special books, I looked down upon one human illuminating a particularly beautiful page. To my astonishment I saw that he had drawn two mice that looked like us, your parents. I gasped at the sight and pointed it out to your father.”
“I could not believe what your mother was pointing at,” said the boy’s father. “There on the page of vellum below us was a drawing of two mice that looked just like us, and they were holding and munching on one of those thin, flat wafers of sacred bread that sometimes fall to the floor in the sacred room where the humans read, sing, and sit in silence! And cats with mice on their backs, but mice we did not recognize, were holding your father’s and mother’s tales, pinning our tails to the floor with their paws!”
“O No!” shrieked Reep.
“Did that ever really happen?” asked Cheep.
“Of course, it never really happened,” clamored the boy’s parents in unison. “At least not to us,” they added.
Reep and Cheep’s father told his sons more. “All these years your mother and I thought that the humans never knew we were watching them in their special sacred place; that they were never aware we ate the sacred wafers that fell from the table. But they had! They knew we were there, but they never shooed us away. They knew we were there, but they never kept us out. Nor had any cats ever bothered us there. It was like the furry felines also knew it was a peaceful, sacred place and that they should not bother us there.”
Reep and Cheep’s mother added, “I am now beginning to think that those special thin, round wafers of bread never accidentally fell from the table. I am beginning to think that occasionally, a human would intentionally drop one of those special pieces of bread so that we and the other Lucha Séipéal could eat from it and so that your father and I could bring some back for you to eat!”
“For this reason,” Father mouse said to his boys, “We Lucha Séipéal must be careful when we are in the Scriptorium to never ever chew on the special calves’ leather called vellum that the humans make black marks and beautiful designs on. We must never disturb the thick liquids called ink, or the goose feathers they call quills. And when we are in the rafters of the Scriptorium, we must never drop anything upon the beautiful, illuminated pages the humans are creating below.”
“We understand,” replied the boys in unison.
“More than anything else,” continued Father Lucha Séipéal, “you must promise you will never forget, and when we, your parents, have died, you must tell your children, and your children must tell their children and your great-grandchildren, from generation to generation, the story about the great illuminated book in which we, your parents, have found a place in the story being copied by the humans.”
“I promise,” said Reep.
“I will never forget this story, or this night,” added Cheep. “This night has indeed been different from all other nights Reep and I have known.”
“We have no way of understanding what these books the humans are making and using mean,” said Mother Lucha Séipéal. “But we know these books are also sacred, especially the book we saw earlier today to which the humans added an illumination  including us. The humans creating these books do so with great care, treating them and cherishing them because they are indeed sacred books, just like the Eucharistic host and the room where the human’s read and sing from their books, eat the sacred wafers, and drink wine from chalices is sacred.
“Your father and I do not know how long this extra special illuminated manuscript will last, or where it will eventually end up,” lamented mother mouse, “but we know, and our family of Lucha Séipéal must forever know and remember that we are immortalized in its pages and part of its story.”
“Perhaps someday, many mice generations removed, and in a strange land we can only imagine, maybe even in the land our ancestors came from, the great emerald land across the mighty waters, humans will look at this special, illuminated work, see the pair of us on this particularly beautiful page, and wonder what we are doing there,” said Father mouse. “Perhaps they will ask themselves why the humans drew us there. They will speculate why we are holding and munching on the thin, flat, wafer of bread called the Eucharistic host. They might wonder if the two cats with mice on their backs really pinned the tails of two other mice to the floor. I wish those humans could know our story as much as I wish we could know the story they are copying in this beautiful, illuminated book”.
“Now go to sleep, boys,” cooed mother mouse. “you need your rest. Tomorrow, your father and I will take you to and show you the beautiful illuminated book the humans are making.”

Monday, February 25, 2019

Lectionary Ruminations 2.5 for the 1st Sunday in Lent (Year C)


Lectionary Ruminations 2.5 is a further revision and refinement of my Lectionary Ruminations and Lectionary Ruminations 2.0.  Focusing on The Revised Common Lectionary Readings for the upcoming Sunday from New Revised Standard Version (NRSV) of the Bible, Lectionary Ruminations 2.5 draws on over thirty years of pastoral experience.  Believing that the questions we ask are often more important than any answers we find, without over reliance on commentaries, I intend with sometimes pointed and sometimes snarky comments and Socratic like questions, to encourage reflection and rumination for readers preparing to lead a Bible study, draft liturgy, preach, or hear the Word. Reader comments are invited and encouraged.

DEUTERONOMY 26:1-11
26:1 How shall we define this land? Is it only the dirt, or also the biodiversity?
26:2 How do we move from “some” to 10%.  What is the meaning of first? What difference does it make for our Stewardship that we are commanded to take some of the “first fruit” rather than what happens to be left over to present to God? Where is the place of the LORD?
26:3 “Your God” seems odd.  I would expect “our God.” This sounds like a liturgical formula.
26:4 Since it is the contents of the basket that matter, I wonder what happens to the basket.
26:5 Please, please, please know the difference in meaning and pronunciation between Aramean and Armenian. Did this wandering Aramean have a name? Who is your daddy? Might this passage suggest that faith is a journey or lead into a reflection on the Lenten journey?
26:6 Why not the overt mention of slavery or servitude?
26:7 How do we move from “ancestor” in 26:5 to “ancestors” in this verse?
26:8 What is the meaning of “mighty hand” and “outstretched arm?”
26:9 What does it mean for a land to flow with milk and honey?
26:10 Apparently fish and fowl and other animals were not brought. This seems to be a vegan offering. Is this set down before the priest, by the priest, or is the priest not at all involved in the setting down?
26:11 Who are Levites and why are they and aliens singled out?  Note that the people are to celebrate “with all the bounty,” not celebrate the bounty.

PSALM 91:1-2, 9-16
91:1-2, 9-16 How many ways does this Psalm identify God?
91:1 Is God’s shadow the same as God’s shelter?  What does a shadow shelter from?
91:2 What is the difference, if any, between refuge and fortress?  Is this couplet nothing more than an example of Hebraic poetic construction?
91:9 This verse contains the second appearance of “Most High”.  What does this title of God communicate that other titles do not? What is a refuge? How can one dwell in a diety?
91:10 I hereby proclaim this the backpackers’ and campers’ verse!
91:11-12, 13 Can we read and interpret these versus without hearing them applied to Christ?
91:11 What is your angelology? Do you have a guardian angel?
91:12 What about this verse troubles me? I have lost track of how many times my guardian angel let me down by letting me stub my toe.
91:13-14 Note the switch from the third person to the first person between verses 13 and 14.
91:14 Who is now speaking? What is God’s name and how can we know it if we are not supposed to pronounce it?
91:15 Is God present only in times of trouble?
91:16 What is the meaning of “salvation” in the context of this verse?

ROMANS 10:8b-13
10:8b This is Paul writing, not John.  What does Paul mean by “word.”
10:9 Is Paul calling for both verbal assent as well as spiritual assent?  The church can judge the first but not the second.  This is perhaps one of the oldest, and simplest, statements of faith.  Note what is does not say.  How did this short Biblical confession become expanded into the Apostles’ Creed and Nicene Creed, not to mention the Westminster Confession? What is the relation between Jesus being Lord and God raising Jesus from the dead?
10:10 What is the difference between being justified and being saved?  Did Paul really mean to relegate justification to the affections and salvation to confession?
10:11 What Scripture is Paul quoting?
10:12 What is the meaning of “Greek?” I wonder how anti-Semites manage to misinterpret this verse.
10:13 What does “call on the name of the Lord” mean and what does it sound like?  How can we interpret this without wandering into debate between inclusive universalism and exclusive particularism?  What are the implications for evangelism on the one hand and interreligious dialogue on the other? What is the difference between calling on the LORD God” and calling on the “Lord Jesus?”

LUKE 4:1-13
4:1-13 Do not forget to look at the parallels, beginning at Matthew 4:1 and Mark 1:12.
4:1 What does it mean to be full of the Holy Spirit?  Can one be led by the Spirit if one is not full of the Spirit? Is wilderness simply a geographical reference or is it also symbolic? I referred you last week, and I will refer you again to Belden Lane’s book The Solace of Fierce Landscapes: Exploring Desert and Mountain Spirituality.
4:2 What is the symbolic significance of forty?  What does it allude to? Who was there counting?  What is your demonology?  What would the physical, psychological, and spiritual state of anyone who had fasted forty days be like?
4:3 “If?”
4:4 Where is this written?
4:5 Is this physically possible in a round world?
4:6 Had any authority been given to the Devil, or is the Devil lying?
4:7 Why does the Devil want to be worshiped?
4:8 Where is this written?
4:9 “If?” Another if? It sounds as though the Devil is taunting or even attempting to sow seeds of doubt.
4:10-11 Where is this written? Note that even the Devil can quote Scripture! Look above at Psalm 91:11-12.
4:12 Where is this said?
4:13 What would be an opportune time?  This verse always reminds me of Nikos Kazantzakis’ novel Last Temptation of Christ.  I think the movie adaptation is better than the book, but nevertheless, what does it mean for our faith that Jesus was tempted at least three times and perhaps more, even later?
                                                                  
ADDENDUM
I am a Minister Member of Upper Ohio Valley Presbytery of the Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.) and am serving as the Interim Pastor of the Richmond United Presbyterian Church, Richmond, Ohio. Sunday Worship at Richmond begins at 11:00 AM. Some of my other blog posts have appeared on PRESBYTERIAN BLOGGERS and The Trek.